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GENERAL WEATHER
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April 01, 2010
NASA, NOAA Mark 50 Years of Weather Watching from Space
Scientist giving a vibration test to TIROS at the Astro-Electronic Products Division of RCA in Princeton, N.J. TIROS-1 was designed and constructed by Radio Corporation of America under technical supervision of the U.S. Army Signal Research and Development Laboratory, Ft. Monmouth, N.J. Credit: NASA
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Image taken on April 1, 1960 by TIROS 1. This was the first television picture of Earth from space. Credit: NASA
› Larger imageFifty years ago, the world's first weather satellite lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., opening a new and exciting dimension in weather forecasting. Leaders from NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA, hailed the milestone as an example of a strong agency partnership and commitment to flying the best Earth observation satellites today and in the future.
The first image from the Television Infrared Observation Satellite, known as TIROS-1, was a fuzzy picture of thick bands and clusters of clouds over America. An image captured a few days later revealed a typhoon approximately 1,000 miles east of Australia. TIROS-1, a polar-orbiting satellite, weighed 270 pounds and carried two cameras and two video recorders.
"TIROS-1 started the satellite observations and interagency collaborations that produced vast improvements in weather forecasts, which have strengthened the nation," said NASA Administrator Charles Bolden. "It also laid the foundation for our current global view of Earth that underlies all of climate research and the field of Earth system science."
TIROS-1 was NASA's first attempt in using satellites to help scientists study weather systems on Earth. NASA managed the program with help from the U.S. Army Signal Research and Development Lab, RCA, the U.S. Weather Bureau (now the National Weather Service) and the U.S. Naval Photographic Interpretation Center.
"This satellite forever changed weather forecasting," said Jane Lubchenco, undersecretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere and NOAA administrator. "Since TIROS-1, meteorologists have far greater information about severe weather and can issue more accurate forecasts and warnings that save lives and protect property."
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March 29, 2010
Extreme Weather Impacts Migratory Birds
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More than 20 years after the red cockaded woodpecker suffered population losses due in part to major destruction of a critical habitat, the longleaf pine ecosystem, during category 5 storm Hugo in 1989, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service continues efforts to save them. The woodpeckers, on the endangered species list for more than 2 decades, are found now in 11 southern states in the U.S. Credit: U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceEvery year, hurricanes and droughts wreak havoc on human lives and property around the world. And according to a pair of new NASA-funded studies, migratory birds also experience severe impacts to their habitats and populations from these events.
While this may not seem like a revelation, the researchers were surprised to find that migratory bird species located as far as 60 miles (100 kilometers) from a hurricane’s path had experienced a long-term loss in population. Those populations took up to five years to rebound from the damage to their forest environments.
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October 09, 2009
Rockies vs. Phillies: Frigid fans and frozen fielders may set record for coldest Major League Baseball Game in history
DENVER, COLORADO (NationalWeatherOnline.com) - When the Colorado Rockies host the Philadelphia Phillies at Coors Field in Denver, Colorado, for Game Three of the National League Division Series on Saturday evening, it may very well be the coldest weather baseball has ever officially been played in.
Part of the challenge in determining for certain whether this will be a record chill is that "game-time weather records" are not a regular part of Major League Baseball record-keeping. Though the sport of baseball and the science of meteorology both may have a commonality of statistics and numbers, neither seems to keep long-term records of the other. Nonetheless, Major League Baseball can confirm that the coldest post-season, playoff game in the League's history was played in Cleveland, Ohio, at Jacobs Field, when the Indians hosted the Florida Marlins in Game Four of the 1997 World Series. That game featured a 38 degree temperature at first pitch.
A mile high, 38 degrees may very well seem like child's play on Saturday night. In fact, the forecast from NationalWeatherOnline.com calls for a first-pitch temperature of some ten degrees colder...28 degrees with a southeast wind between ten and twenty miles per hour, producing a wind chill of 16 degrees. At a baseball game. Somehow, in conditions that make headlines in mid-winter football games, pitchers will have to keep their arms warm and the seams turning, and outfielders may be fighting off frostbite. I suppose the hitters can take solace in a wind direction blowing out to left field, of course you'll have to make sure to light up the baseball to battle the dense cold air. Here's a question for the scientists in the crowd - will the density of the cold air merely offset the effects of altitude on air density, making the air act like a stadium closer to sea-level? No matter - now we're thinking too much, and thinking will be difficult to do in a mind-numbing cold.
For all this, will the frigid fans and frozen fielders walk away knowing they set a record for coldest baseball game ever? We know it will be the coldest post-season game, but what about coldest official game overall? Though there is an absence of records, the coldest game we could dig up was a Cubs/Pirates game at Wrigley Field in Chicago, when the wind chill dipped to 24 degrees.
24 degree wind chill? 38 degree temperature? That's so passe. Welcome to post-season baseball, Colorado-style.
This article may be reproduced, free of charge, with full credit to NationalWeatherOnline.com.
Coors Field image courtesy colorado.rockies.mlb.com
September 28, 2009
September 25, 2009
Unusual Arctic Warmth, Tropical Wetness Likely Cause for Methane Increase
Unusually high temperatures in the Arctic and heavy rains in the tropics likely drove a global increase in atmospheric methane in 2007 and 2008 after a decade of near-zero growth, according to a new study. Methane is the second most abundant greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, albeit a distant second.
NOAA scientists and their colleagues analyzed measurements from 1983 to 2008 from air samples collected weekly at 46 surface locations around the world. Their findings will appear in the September 28 print edition of the American Geophysical Union’s Geophysical Research Letters and are available online now.
“At least three factors likely contributed to the methane increase,” said Ed Dlugokencky, a methane expert at NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, Colo. “It was very warm in the Arctic, there was some tropical forest burning, and there was increased rain in Indonesia and the Amazon.”
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